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Methylphenidate Improves Aspects of Executive Function in African American Children With ADHD

University of Rochester, Leslie_HazelFernandez{at}urmc.rochester.edu

Rafael Klorman

University of Rochester

James M. Wallace

Unity Health System

Stephen Cook

University of Rochester

Objective: The undertreatment of ethnic minority children with ADHD prompted a study on the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on the executive functions of African American children with ADHD. Method: Nineteen African American children with ADHD are tested on the Tower of Hanoi (TOH) and the Paired Associates Learning Task (PAL) in a double-blind crossover acute challenge of MPH and placebo. Results: Under MPH, TOH rule breaks decrease, especially in the second testing session, and TOH planning time increases, particularly for incorrect solutions; PAL recall in the final learning trial improves with MPH. Conclusion: Similar to previous findings with predominantly majority samples of patients with ADHD, MPH enhances planning, precision, and persistence in African American children with ADHD.

Key Words: ADHD • methylphenidate • children • African Americans • executive function

Journal of Attention Disorders, Vol. 9, No. 4, 582-589 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1087054705284243


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