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Journal of Attention Disorders
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The Effect of Conscious Control on Handwriting in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Oliver Tucha

University of Regensburg

Klaus W. Lange

University of Regensburg, klaus.lange{at}psychologie.uniregensburg.de

Two experiments were performed regarding the effect of conscious control on handwriting fluency in healthy adults and ADHD children. First, 26 healthy students were asked to write a sentence under different conditions. The results indicate that automated handwriting movements are independent from visual feedback. Second, the writing performance of 12 children with ADHD was examined on their usual medication with methylphenidate and under placebo. In comparison to placebo, medication with methylphenidate resulted in a reduced fluency of handwriting. Automated handwriting movements could be elicited in children with ADHD on medication. The results suggest that both visual and mental control of handwriting movements affect the automation of handwriting movements. Furthermore, a simple training procedure was designed and performed in a case study of a boy with ADHD.

Key Words: handwriting • ADHD • kinematics • graphonomics • attention

Journal of Attention Disorders, Vol. 9, No. 1, 323-332 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/1087054705279994
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This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J Child NeurolHome page
M. B. Racine, A. Majnemer, M. Shevell, and L. Snider
Handwriting Performance in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
J Child Neurol, April 1, 2008; 23(4): 399 - 406.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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