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Journal of Attention Disorders
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*Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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The Expression of Adult ADHD Symptoms in Daily Life

An Application of Experience Sampling Methodology

Laura E. Knouse

University of North Carolina at Greensboro, leknouse{at}uncg.edu

John T. Mitchell

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Leslie H. Brown

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Paul J. Silvia

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Michael J. Kane

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Inez Myin-Germeys

Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands

Thomas R. Kwapil

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Objective: To use experience sampling method (ESM) to examine the impact of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms on emotional well-being, activities and distress, cognitive impairment, and social functioning assessed in the daily lives of young adults. The impact of subjective appraisals on their experiences is also examined. Method: Participants (n = 206) complete up to 56 in-the-moment assessments of mood and current activities using Personal Digital Assistants for 1 week. Results: Multilevel modeling techniques reveal that ADHD inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms differentially relate to daily experiences. Higher inattentive symptoms are associated with indices of general distress, including less positive and more negative mood as well as more concentration problems. Higher hyperactive-impulsive symptoms are associated with reduced sensitivity to contextual factors in perceptions of situations. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate predictive validity for adult self-report of ADHD symptoms in a general population sample and suggest future research directions using ESM. (J. of Att. Dis. 2008; 11(6) 652-663)

Key Words: ADHD • adults • experience sampling methodology • daily activities • behavioral assessment

This version was published on May 1, 2008

Journal of Attention Disorders, Vol. 11, No. 6, 652-663 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1087054707299411
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